A geotechnical investigation is one process in which several tests and methods are performed in order to obtain information on rocks and soils physical properties. The methods are done in some particular sites for the design of foundations and the earthworks of proposed structures and of distress repair for structures and for earthworks which are caused by specific conditions. The people conducting the investigations are engineering geologists or geotechnical engineers.
The accuracy and the completeness of subsurface information can be considered as very necessary to all the projects related to civil engineering. Usually, the cause of failure of structures is the misleading and inadequate subsurface data. Auguring is one method which is being used in subsurface investigation. This is done to put down holes in the soft sediment. And for the penetration of greater depths, bore holes are made.
Percussion drilling. The bit in this method is being suspended from cables or from rods, being jumped up and down as well so that the rocks will be broken. Bits are kept cooled and make slurry through adding water to the hole. The removal of debris is done through using a boiler. Chips are recovered for identification. The pounded rocks will be mixed into water from slurry. The costs and the rates are based on the hardness.
Rotary drilling. In the previous method, rotating the bits is involved, attaching these to rods. This is where the fluid mud is being pumped. And in this rotary process, the mud is being returned to surface through an annular space located in between the holes and the rods. Then next is adding the rods successively to an assembly while holes are lowered.
Core drilling. Tabular bits with lower cutting edges are being used here. These are rotated in holes. Bits are composed of many different forms, some have diamonds while some are hard abrasives to penetrate the hard rocks. Diamond drills are the most commonly used types in sampling and in an exploratory bore.
Core barrels. The aim of structural drilling is to recover an undisturbed core from which measuring the structural features is done. This process can be achieved in either two ways, using a large diameter or a multiple tube core barrel. Geophysical methods. These methods are used for mapping, characterizing, and locating subsurface features through the measurement of surfaces to respond to the electrical, physical, and chemical properties.
Seismic methods. The seismic measurements include on measuring seismic waves which are traveling in the surfaces. Sometimes, some properties like material, stratigraphy, and structure are assessed in these methods. Electrical resistivity. Measuring the electrical resistivity is done by putting 4 electrodes that are in contact to the rock and the soil.
Magnetic. Mapping and locating the buried ferrous metals and mapping the geologic structures are 2 primary applications being used. Micro gravity. The micro gravity survey will provide change measures in a subsurface density. The natural variations of the density would include buried channels, faults, lateral changes, large fractures, and dissolution.
Ground penetrating radar or GPR. This utilizes high frequencies of electromagnetic waves for acquiring a subsurface information. The radiation of energy is directed downwards from transmitters and reflected back into the receiving antenna. The reflected signals will be recorded, producing some shallow subsurfaces conditions.
The accuracy and the completeness of subsurface information can be considered as very necessary to all the projects related to civil engineering. Usually, the cause of failure of structures is the misleading and inadequate subsurface data. Auguring is one method which is being used in subsurface investigation. This is done to put down holes in the soft sediment. And for the penetration of greater depths, bore holes are made.
Percussion drilling. The bit in this method is being suspended from cables or from rods, being jumped up and down as well so that the rocks will be broken. Bits are kept cooled and make slurry through adding water to the hole. The removal of debris is done through using a boiler. Chips are recovered for identification. The pounded rocks will be mixed into water from slurry. The costs and the rates are based on the hardness.
Rotary drilling. In the previous method, rotating the bits is involved, attaching these to rods. This is where the fluid mud is being pumped. And in this rotary process, the mud is being returned to surface through an annular space located in between the holes and the rods. Then next is adding the rods successively to an assembly while holes are lowered.
Core drilling. Tabular bits with lower cutting edges are being used here. These are rotated in holes. Bits are composed of many different forms, some have diamonds while some are hard abrasives to penetrate the hard rocks. Diamond drills are the most commonly used types in sampling and in an exploratory bore.
Core barrels. The aim of structural drilling is to recover an undisturbed core from which measuring the structural features is done. This process can be achieved in either two ways, using a large diameter or a multiple tube core barrel. Geophysical methods. These methods are used for mapping, characterizing, and locating subsurface features through the measurement of surfaces to respond to the electrical, physical, and chemical properties.
Seismic methods. The seismic measurements include on measuring seismic waves which are traveling in the surfaces. Sometimes, some properties like material, stratigraphy, and structure are assessed in these methods. Electrical resistivity. Measuring the electrical resistivity is done by putting 4 electrodes that are in contact to the rock and the soil.
Magnetic. Mapping and locating the buried ferrous metals and mapping the geologic structures are 2 primary applications being used. Micro gravity. The micro gravity survey will provide change measures in a subsurface density. The natural variations of the density would include buried channels, faults, lateral changes, large fractures, and dissolution.
Ground penetrating radar or GPR. This utilizes high frequencies of electromagnetic waves for acquiring a subsurface information. The radiation of energy is directed downwards from transmitters and reflected back into the receiving antenna. The reflected signals will be recorded, producing some shallow subsurfaces conditions.
About the Author:
Find details about the benefits of using subsurface investigation services and more info about a reliable service provider at http://www.roundrockgeo.com/services.html now.
No comments:
Post a Comment