Crops undergo stress during the drought season or when rainfall is unevenly distributed and to sustain their growth water is applied artificially through sprays, pumps, and pipes. It is usually done constantly or at intervals. To support this, farmers have adopted irrigation systems Southern NH. There are many sources of irrigation water which may include; harvested rainwater, underground or even the surface through reservoirs, rivers, and lakes. Irrigating controls weeds, crop production and preserving landscapes. Before choosing the system farmers should know the different ones that exist.
Surface watering is one of these methods. The water is applied to the land and flows following the slope without involving pumping. It infiltrates into the soil slowly and absorbed by the plants. Surfacing is divided into a furrow, border strip or basin. The method is also referred to as flood irrigation if the land if completely covered with free water. However, it can cause water-logging and deep drainage.
Another way is the drip, a form where farmers use valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters on the farm. It is also known as a trickle or micro irrigation. The water is directly applied to the crops root zone or on the soil surface in the form of drops. Fertilizers are also supplied to the plants. Such enhances efficient water use, minimizes evaporation and runoff. The system is used in small scale and large scale farms. However, soil can clog the pipes, and skilled personnel is needed to install and operate.
Use of overhead sprinklers is used where water is conveyed through pipes and under high pressure it is applied on the land like the rain. As the water drops it cools the soil and crops protecting them from frost, also it ii efficient and uniform. The system can be implemented on various land terrains and soil types. However, huge capital to initiate is used.
Center pivot irrigation has also been widely adopted. One pipe is held up by some mobile towers in a row and is placed above the ground two to four meters. It is self-driven, and the water in the middle pipe is supplied as the towers slowly rotate in motion. Nozzles are also fixed on the pipes and as they move around the land is irrigated. Therefore, it is efficient and reduces tilling operations.
Use of manual watering cans and buckets. The system requires little infrastructure and technical equipment although it is labor intensive. It can only be done on a small piece of land. The land is irrigated where necessary. Thus, it helps in water conservation.
As mentioned earlier, you direct the water below the soil surface at the root area where upward absorption later occurs for growth. It has been widely embraced in places with a raised water table where sugarcane, peppers, and tomatoes are grown. Less labor is required, strong plant growth and irrigating is uniform.
Farmers have also adopted irrigating using the lateral move. Such is done by use of pipes fitted with a wheel and some sprinklers which run across the field covering a certain distance. It is less expensive but however, more labor is needed to change the pipes.
Surface watering is one of these methods. The water is applied to the land and flows following the slope without involving pumping. It infiltrates into the soil slowly and absorbed by the plants. Surfacing is divided into a furrow, border strip or basin. The method is also referred to as flood irrigation if the land if completely covered with free water. However, it can cause water-logging and deep drainage.
Another way is the drip, a form where farmers use valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters on the farm. It is also known as a trickle or micro irrigation. The water is directly applied to the crops root zone or on the soil surface in the form of drops. Fertilizers are also supplied to the plants. Such enhances efficient water use, minimizes evaporation and runoff. The system is used in small scale and large scale farms. However, soil can clog the pipes, and skilled personnel is needed to install and operate.
Use of overhead sprinklers is used where water is conveyed through pipes and under high pressure it is applied on the land like the rain. As the water drops it cools the soil and crops protecting them from frost, also it ii efficient and uniform. The system can be implemented on various land terrains and soil types. However, huge capital to initiate is used.
Center pivot irrigation has also been widely adopted. One pipe is held up by some mobile towers in a row and is placed above the ground two to four meters. It is self-driven, and the water in the middle pipe is supplied as the towers slowly rotate in motion. Nozzles are also fixed on the pipes and as they move around the land is irrigated. Therefore, it is efficient and reduces tilling operations.
Use of manual watering cans and buckets. The system requires little infrastructure and technical equipment although it is labor intensive. It can only be done on a small piece of land. The land is irrigated where necessary. Thus, it helps in water conservation.
As mentioned earlier, you direct the water below the soil surface at the root area where upward absorption later occurs for growth. It has been widely embraced in places with a raised water table where sugarcane, peppers, and tomatoes are grown. Less labor is required, strong plant growth and irrigating is uniform.
Farmers have also adopted irrigating using the lateral move. Such is done by use of pipes fitted with a wheel and some sprinklers which run across the field covering a certain distance. It is less expensive but however, more labor is needed to change the pipes.
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